myoldmac.net
- Apple ][ F.A.Q.
by Mark R. Percival - An Apple
II fanatic since 1979
DOS 3.3 & ProDOS Commands
This is not a complete command reference, but
off the top of my head, this
will get you started:
CATALOG
returns a disk directory. File structure is not
heirarchial, there are eight
filetypes, of which B, A, I, and T are the most
common. A directory looks
something like this:
DISK VOLUME 254
*A 002 THE LAST FILE
B 033 TETRA/SOFT LOGO
T 142 DAVE'S LIST OF DOS COMMANDS
I 002 INTEGER BASIC PROGRAM
^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|| ||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|| ||| |______________________________Filename
|| |_________________________________File length
(MOD 256)
||__________________________________File type
|___________________________________* means the
file is locked
LOAD filename
This command causes DOS to retreive an Applesoft
or Integer BASIC
program from the disk, and switches the computer
to the appropriate
language. If the language does not exist in the
computer, the error
LANGUAGE NOT AVAILABLE is returned. LOAD overwrites
any program
already in memory.
SAVE filename
This command stores the current BASIC program
on the disk.
NOTE REGARDING LOAD AND SAVE: LOAD and SAVE,
without a filename, are
valid Applesoft commands. They will *appear*
to cause your system to
hang, but in fact, they are trying to move a
BASIC program through the
cassette port of your computer. The simplest
way to recover is to press
*RESET*. Most of the time (i.e. unless some program
has reset the RESET
handler), pressing RESET will either get you
back to BASIC (on a ][+, ][e,
or IIgs under DOS 3.3), or will dump you into
the system monitor on a ][.
RUN filename
Performs a LOAD filename, and then executes a
BASIC RUN.
BLOAD filename
This command loads a binary file (type B) from
the disk into memory. If
you want to specify the image load address, simply
append ",Annnn" where
nnnn is the address you wish to use. To specify
an address in hexadecimal,
substitute ",A$nnnn".
BSAVE filename,Annnn,Lkkkk
Similar to BLOAD, except that this command stores
the contents of memory
beginning at nnnn and including kkkk bytes on
the disk. Again, hex
values may be used with a $ prefix.
BRUN filename
BLOADs a binary image, then does a JMP (unconditional
branch) to the file
load address.
DELETE filename
Removes a file from disk. If the file is locked,
a FILE LOCKED error
will be returned.
LOCK filename
Protects a file from accidental DELETEion.
UNLOCK filename
Unprotects a file from accidental DELETEion.
EXEC filename
Causes the lines of a text file to be read in
and executed as if they
were typed on the keyboard. If you are familiar
with the MS-DOG world,
files of this nature (type T) are equivalent
to .BAT files.
FP
Clear BASIC memory and switch to Applesoft BASIC,
if available.
INT
Clear BASIC memory and switch to Integer BASIC,
if available.
INIT filename
Low-level formats a 5.25" disk, erasing
it completely. Automagically
writes a copy of DOS 3.3 onto tracks 0-2, so
all DOS 3.3 disks are bootable
when formatted in this manner. Also creates the
directory and SAVEs the
current BASIC program. The specified filename
is placed in the DOS image.
When the disk is booted, DOS will load into memory,
then attempt to RUN the
filename imprinted in the DOS image. Personally,
I think it is a lot nicer
than having to build CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT...
8-)
RENAME oldfilename,newfilename
Changes the name of "oldfilename" to
"newfilename". No checking is done
to make sure that newfilename doesn't already
exist, so be careful.
A NOTE ABOUT DOS 3.3 FILENAMES:
DOS 3.3 filenames may be up to 30 characters
long, and must conform to the
following restrictions:
a. The first character must have an ASCII code
greater than 63 ("@")
b. Commas and colons may not be used.
Apart from that, anything goes, including uppercase,
lowercase, numbers,
symbols, and CONTROL characters.
All file commands (including CATALOG and INIT)
have optional switches
available:
,Sn Specifies disk controller slot number n,
usually 6. Default is
the most recently accessed slot.
,Dn Specifies which drive on the controller.
Unless patched, DOS 3.3
only knows about D1 and D2.
,Vn Seldom used; specifies a disk volume number.
Most disks are V254, and
the default is V0, which matches any disk.
Hope this helps. Email me if you need more specific
data.
--Dave Althoff, Jr.
(DOS 3.3 hold-out)
From: percim@odyssee.net (Mark Percival)
Newsgroups: comp.emulators.apple2
Subject: Re: Prodos
PRODOS COMMANDS
===============
CAT or
CATALOG
Provides a directory listing. CAT give an abbreviated
listing that
will fit on a 40-column screen. CATALOG provides
a more complete
listing for 80-column screens
PREFIX
This is the ProDOS equivalent of the MS-DOS
CHDIR, or CD.
Note: ProDOS uses "/" to indicate directorys
while
MS-DOS uses "\". I'm sure they did
this to mess us all up!
CREATE
This is the ProDOS equivalent of the MS-DOS
MKDIR, or MD.
RENAME
Renames a file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
DELETE
Deletes a file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
LOCK
Locks a file. Same as what was in AppleDOS 3.3.
UNLOCK
Unlocks a file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
VERIFY
Verify that a particular file exists. In AppleDOS,
VERIFY would check
to see if each sectore was readable. I'm not
sure if ProDOS does this
or not.
- (DASH)
Executes a file regardless of what type it is.
RUN
Runs an Applesoft BASIC program.
Note: Integer BASIC is *NOT* supported in ProDOS.
LOAD
Loads an Applesoft BASIC program.
SAVE
Saves an Applesoft BASIC program.
BYE
Exits BASIC.SYSTEM to run another .SYSTEM file.
EXEC
Executes a text file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
BRUN
Executes a binary file. Same as what was in
AppleDOS 3.3.
BLOAD
Loades a binary file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
BSAVE
Saves a binary file. Same as what was in AppleDOS
3.3.
Deferred Execution ProDOS Commands
==================================
For the most part, these are the same a AppleDOS
3.3. The noteable
exceptions are;
CHAIN
Leaves current BASIC program to execure another
*without* erasing
program variables. This was part of AppleDOS
3.3 but only worked in
Integer BASIC.
STORE
Allows you to save on disk the names and values
of all variables in a
BASIC program. With ProDOS loaded you override
the command of the
same name that is available in Applesoft. The
Applesoft versions does
the same but *only* to cassette tape.
RESTORE
Complimentary function to the STORE command.
FLUSH
Forces ProDOS to write data to disk from temporary
buffers without
closing files.
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